MISC 抓灰阔 下载misc4.pcap,用Wireshark打开,前面部分的HTTP请求是明文的,到了后面变成了密文。 从序号69的数据包可得知黑客登入Tomcat部署了一个war文件: 提取war,其中有个main.jsp文件,内容如下: 根据其中的代码,可知后面的post body经过加密,并且作为Java Class文件加载解密后的内容,调用其中的equal()方法,从序号154的数据包提取密码:ba4ae3277932b0a2,如图: 编写Java代码对后面的post body以及服务器的response body进行解密以及main.jsp,得知post body为加密后的Jav […]
[Updated] libvirt & qemu change VNC password without restart
文章【libvirt & qemu无需重启(在线)更改VNC密码】已于2019-02-17更新。 有两个方法,一个是通过libvirt的virDomainUpdateDeviceFlags接口,另一个是通过qemu-monitor。 以下把“DOMAIN_NAME”替换为虚拟机的名称,“YOU_NEW_VNC_PASSWORD”替换为你的新密码。 通过virDomainUpdateDeviceFlags接口 使用libvirt管理虚拟机的情况下,这个方法是首选,libvirt官方是不推荐使用了libvirt的情况下操纵qemu-monitor的。 首先编写VNC graphic的XML […]
qemu with pool/volume storage: Could not open ‘xxxxxxx’: Permission denied
volume信息:
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# virsh vol-list test Name Path ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ test.qcow2 /virt/test.qcow2 |
虚拟机disk配置:
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# virsh dumpxml Test ... <disk type='volume' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/> <source pool='test' volume='test.qcow2'/> <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </disk> ... |
启动虚拟机:
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# virsh start Test error: Failed to start domain Test error: internal error: process exited while connecting to monitor: 2019-02-06T12:54:47.722297Z qemu-system-x86_64: -drive file=/virt/test.qcow2,format=qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0: Could not open '/virt/test.qcow2': Permission denied |
查看syslog:
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# cat /var/log/syslog ... kernel: [ 6551.331932] audit: type=1400 audit(1549457961.800:209): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="libvirt-5831a051-78ee-43b4-a15d-6e520b1b3ab7" name="/virt/test.qcow2" pid=27204 comm="qemu-system-x86" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=0 ouid=0 ... |
似乎没找比较好的方法解决此问题。 一个选择是弃用type=’volume’,改成type=’file’。 另一种选择是关闭apparmor:
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# vim /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf ... security_driver = "none" ... # systemctl restart libvirtd |
&n […]
libvirtd: virNetTLSContextValidCertificate:994 : Unable to verify TLS peer: No certificate was found.
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Jan 29 06:20:12 debian libvirtd[3363]: 2019-01-29 11:20:12.116+0000: 3363: error : virNetTLSContextValidCertificate:994 : Unable to verify TLS peer: No certificate was found. Jan 29 06:20:12 debian libvirtd[3363]: 2019-01-29 11:20:12.116+0000: 3363: warning : virNetTLSContextCheckCertificate:1125 : Certificate check failed Unable to verify TLS peer: No certificate was found. Jan 29 06:20:12 debian libvirtd[3363]: 2019-01-29 11:20:12.116+0000: 3363: error : virNetTLSContextCheckCertificate:1128 : authentication failed: Failed to verify peer's certificate |
使用TLS连接libvirtd时,默认需要验证客户端是否拥有由CA签名的证书,详见libvirtd配置文件(/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf):
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# Flag to disable verification of client certificates # # Client certificate verification is the primary authentication mechanism. # Any client which does not present a certificate signed by the CA # will be rejected. # # Default is to always verify. Uncommenting this will disable # verification - make sure an IP whitelist is set #tls_no_verify_certificate = 1 |
取消此行的注释即可关闭此验证(当然你得启用其它身份认证途径):
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#tls_no_verify_certificate = 1 |
也可选择以让CA给客户端签发证书:
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# 自行修改CA私钥与证书的路径 CA_KEY_FILE_PATH="/etc/pki/libvirt/private/cakey.pem" CA_CERTIFICATE_FILE_PATH="/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem" # 客户端私钥,CSR,证书保存路径 PKI_PREFIX="/tmp/client_pki/" CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE_PATH="${PKI_PREFIX}/clientkey.pem" CLIENT_CSR_FILE_PATH="${PKI_PREFIX}/clientcsr.pem" CLIENT_CERTIFICATE_FILE_PATH="${PKI_PREFIX}/clientcert.pem" oldUmask=$(umask) umask 0077 mkdir -p ${PKI_PREFIX} # 生成客户端私钥 openssl genrsa -out ${CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE_PATH} 2048 # 生成客户端CSR,根据自己需要自行修改subjects openssl req -new -key ${CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE_PATH} -subj "/C=CN/ST=China/L=China/O=China/OU=China/CN=ClientCommonName" -out ${CLIENT_CSR_FILE_PATH} # CA通过CSR签发证书,根据需要自行修改有效期 openssl x509 -req -in ${CLIENT_CSR_FILE_PATH} -CA ${CA_CERTIFICATE_FILE_PATH} -CAkey ${CA_KEY_FILE_PATH} -CAcreateserial -out ${CLIENT_CERTIFICATE_FILE_PATH} -days 3650 # 把CA证书放进去 cat ${CA_CERTIFICATE_FILE_PATH} > ${PKI_PREFIX}/cacert.pem umask ${oldUmask} # 把${PKI_PREFIX}传送到客户端 # scp -r ${PKI_PREFIX} username@host:~/libvirt-server-pki |
完成上面的操作后,把整个${PKI_PRE […]
PHP – OpenSSL 生成CA私钥&证书及签发带SAN的证书
生成CA私钥及证书: 参考Example #1 Creating a self-signed certificate 使用上面的方法可以生成CA证书并使用,但是如果使用上面的方法直接生成的自签名域名证书,即使你把(CA)证书加入到了受信任的根证书列表,也不会受浏览器信任: NET::ERR_CERT_COMMON_NAME_INVALID 此服务器无法证实它就是 localhost – 它的安全证书没有指定主题备用名称。这可能是因为某项配置有误或某个攻击者拦截了您的连接。 你还需要把域名加入到SAN。 首先生成OpenSSL的配置文件: [crayon-67582e2468f6d5 […]